The pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized organ located at the base of the brain that has an enormously important role in regulating critical bodily functions. Often referred to as the “master gland,” it secretes hormones that control key processes including growth, metabolism, reproduction, mood, and the response to stress.
The pituitary gland has two main lobes that produce different hormones:
- Anterior lobe: Produces hormones including growth hormone, prolactin, ACTH, TSH, FSH and LH. These hormones regulate processes like growth, milk production, metabolism, thyroid function, and reproduction.
- Posterior lobe: Produces oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. These control uterine contraction/milk letdown and water balance in the body.
Diseases affecting the pituitary gland are fairly rare but can cause serious symptoms. For example, a pituitary tumor can lead to
over- or under-production of hormones, resulting in issues like abnormal growth patterns, infertility, fatigue, and more. If you suspect a problem, get checked out right away! The expert physicians at
Balance Hormone Institute specialize in pituitary disorders and use state-of-the-art testing to get to the bottom of any hormone-related issues quickly.
Key roles of pituitary hormones:
- Growth hormone - Stimulates growth of bone and tissues
- Prolactin - Initiates and sustains milk production
- ACTH - Triggers cortisol release and influences metabolism
- TSH - Stimulates thyroid hormone release
- FSH/LH - Direct male and female reproductive functions
The pituitary gland interacts closely with the
hypothalamus in the brain and the target endocrine glands in the body that its hormones act on. This network is called the
hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus produces hormones that either stimulate or suppress pituitary function to maintain balance. The pituitary in turn releases hormones to trigger effects in downstream glands. Through these feedback loops, equilibrium is achieved.
In summary, the walnut-sized pituitary gland plays an enormously vital role coordinating signals that regulate growth, stress adaptation, metabolic balance, reproduction, lactation, and more. Diseases of this “master gland” can therefore have widespread effects. If you have symptoms like hormone deficiencies/excesses,
Balance Hormone Institute has leading specialists equipped with advanced testing who can accurately diagnose pituitary conditions and craft tailored treatment plans to restore balance. Reach out today to learn more!